Add constraint for CTE, update sql faq and edit subquries docs (#4171)

* Add constraint for CTE, update sql faq and edit subquries docs

* update subquery overview

* rename subquery with all

docs/cn/MatrixOne/FAQs/sql-faqs.md

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
   不区分大小写。
 
+  在 MatrixOne 中，只有一种情况需要区分大小写：如果你创建的表和属性带有 \`\`，\`\` 中的名称需要注意大小写。查询这个表名或属性名，那么表名和属性名也需要被包含在\`\`里。
+
 * **如何将数据从 MatrixOne 导出到文件?**
 
 你可以使用 `SELECT INTO OUTFILE` 命令来将数据导出为 **csv** 文件（只能导出到服务器主机，无法到远程客户端）。  

docs/cn/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/comparisons-using-subqueries.md

+# **子查询与比较操作符的使用**
+
+## **语法描述**
+
+子查询与比较操作符最常见的用法如下:
+
+```
+non_subquery_operand comparison_operator (subquery)
+```
+
+其中，`comparison_operator` 指以下操作符:
+
+```
+=  >  <  >=  <=  <>  !=  <=>
+```
+
+## **语法结构**
+
+```
+> SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE 'a' = (SELECT column1 FROM t1)
+```
+
+## **示例**
+
+```sql
+> create table t1 (a int);
+> create table t2 (a int, b int);
+> create table t3 (a int);
+> create table t4 (a int not null, b int not null);
+> insert into t1 values (2);
+> insert into t2 values (1,7),(2,7);
+> insert into t4 values (4,8),(3,8),(5,9);
+> insert into t3 values (6),(7),(3);
+> select * from t3 where a = (select b from t2);
++------+
+| a    |
++------+
+|    7 |
+|    7 |
++------+
+2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
+```

docs/cn/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/from-subquery.md → docs/cn/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/derived-tables.md

-# FROM子查询 (beta)
+# **Derived Tables**
 
 ## **语法描述**
 
@@ -38,3 +38,44 @@
 +------+------+--------+
 2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
 ```
+
+- **Subquery with Join**:
+
+```sql
+> create table t1 (libname1 varchar(21) not null primary key, city varchar(20));
+> create table t2 (isbn2 varchar(21) not null primary key, author varchar(20), title varchar(60));
+> create table t3 (isbn3 varchar(21) not null, libname3 varchar(21) not null, quantity int);
+> insert into t2 values ('001','Daffy','Aducklife');
+> insert into t2 values ('002','Bugs','Arabbitlife');
+> insert into t2 values ('003','Cowboy','Lifeontherange');
+> insert into t2 values ('000','Anonymous','Wannabuythisbook?');
+> insert into t2 values ('004','BestSeller','OneHeckuvabook');
+> insert into t2 values ('005','EveryoneBuys','Thisverybook');
+> insert into t2 values ('006','SanFran','Itisasanfranlifestyle');
+> insert into t2 values ('007','BerkAuthor','Cool.Berkley.the.book');
+> insert into t3 values('000','NewYorkPublicLibra',1);
+> insert into t3 values('001','NewYorkPublicLibra',2);
+> insert into t3 values('002','NewYorkPublicLibra',3);
+> insert into t3 values('003','NewYorkPublicLibra',4);
+> insert into t3 values('004','NewYorkPublicLibra',5);
+> insert into t3 values('005','NewYorkPublicLibra',6);
+> insert into t3 values('006','SanFransiscoPublic',5);
+> insert into t3 values('007','BerkeleyPublic1',3);
+> insert into t3 values('007','BerkeleyPublic2',3);
+> insert into t3 values('001','NYC Lib',8);
+> insert into t1 values ('NewYorkPublicLibra','NewYork');
+> insert into t1 values ('SanFransiscoPublic','SanFran');
+> insert into t1 values ('BerkeleyPublic1','Berkeley');
+> insert into t1 values ('BerkeleyPublic2','Berkeley');
+> insert into t1 values ('NYCLib','NewYork');
+> select * from (select city,libname1,count(libname1) as a from t3 join t1 on libname1=libname3 join t2 on isbn3=isbn2 group by city,libname1) sub ;
++----------+--------------------+------+
+| city     | libname1           | a    |
++----------+--------------------+------+
+| NewYork  | NewYorkPublicLibra |    6 |
+| SanFran  | SanFransiscoPublic |    1 |
+| Berkeley | BerkeleyPublic1    |    1 |
+| Berkeley | BerkeleyPublic2    |    1 |
++----------+--------------------+------+
+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+```

docs/cn/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/subquery-with-all.md

+# **Subqueries with ALL**
+
+## **语法描述**
+
+The word `ALL`, which must follow a comparison operator, means “return `TRUE` if the comparison is `TRUE` for `ALL` of the values in the column that the subquery returns.”:
+
+关键词 `ALL` 必须跟在比较操作符后面，指如果子查询返回的列中值的 `ALL` 的比较是 `TRUE`，则返回 `TRUE`。
+
+```
+operand comparison_operator ALL (subquery)
+```
+
+示例如下：
+
+```
+SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 > ALL (SELECT s1 FROM t2);
+```
+
+如上述示例中，假设表 t1 中有一行包含(10)，表 t2 包含(-5,0，+5)，则表达式为 `TRUE`，因为10大于 t2 中的所有三个值。如果表 t2 包含(12,6,NULL，-100)，则表达式为 `FALSE`，因为在表 t2 中有一个大于10的值12。如果表 t2 包含(0,NULL,1)，则表达式为 `NULL`。
+
+- 如果表 t2 为空，则表达式为 `TRUE`。例如，当下表 t2 为空时，表达式是 `TRUE`：
+
+```
+SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > ALL (SELECT s1 FROM t2);
+```
+
+- 下面示例中，当表 t2 为空时，这个表达式是 `NULL`：
+
+```
+SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > (SELECT s1 FROM t2);
+```
+
+或：
+
+```
+SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > ALL (SELECT MAX(s1) FROM t2);
+```
+
+**说明**：在书写子查询语法时，要注意考虑到含有 `NULL` 值的表和空表的情况。
+
+## **语法结构**
+
+```
+> SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name {WHERE | HAVING} [not] expression comparison_operator ALL (subquery)
+```
+
+## **示例**
+
+```sql
+> create table t1 (a int);
+> create table t2 (a int, b int);
+> create table t3 (a int);
+> create table t4 (a int not null, b int not null);
+> create table t5 (a int);
+> create table t6 (a int, b int);
+> insert into t1 values (2);
+> insert into t2 values (1,7),(2,7);
+> insert into t4 values (4,8),(3,8),(5,9);
+> insert into t5 values (null);
+> insert into t3 values (6),(7),(3);
+> insert into t6 values (10,7),(null,7);
+> select * from t3 where a <> all (select b from t2);
++------+
+| a    |
++------+
+|    6 |
+|    3 |
++------+
+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+
+> select * from t4 where 5 > all (select a from t5);
++------+------+
+| a    | b    |
++------+------+
+|    4 |    8 |
+|    3 |    8 |
+|    5 |    9 |
++------+------+
+3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
+
+> select * from t3 where 10 > all (select b from t2);
++------+
+| a    |
++------+
+|    6 |
+|    7 |
+|    3 |
++------+
+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+```

docs/cn/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subquery.md

@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE column1 = (SELECT column1 FROM t2);
 
 更多信息，参见：
 
-- [FROM 子查询](subqueries/from-subquery.md)
-- [子查询与 ANY 操作符的使用](subqueries/subquery-with-any.md)
+- [派生表](subqueries/derived-tables.md)
+- [子查询与比较操作符的使用](subqueries/comparisons-using-subqueries.md)
+- [子查询与 ANY 或 SOME 操作符的使用](subqueries/subquery-with-any-some.md)
+- [子查询与 ALL 操作符的使用](subqueries/subquery-with-all.md)
 - [子查询与 EXISTS 操作符的使用](subqueries/subquery-with-exists.md)
 - [子查询与 IN 操作符的使用](subqueries/subquery-with-in.md)

docs/cn/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/with-cte.md

@@ -58,3 +58,7 @@ AS
 +------+------------------------------------------------------+
 5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 ```
+
+## **限制**
+
+MatrixOne 暂不支持递归 CTE。

docs/en/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/comparisons-using-subqueries.md

+# **Comparisons Using Subqueries**
+
+## **Description**
+
+The most common use of a subquery is in the form:
+
+```
+non_subquery_operand comparison_operator (subquery)
+```
+
+Where comparison_operator is one of these operators:
+
+```
+=  >  <  >=  <=  <>  !=  <=>
+```
+
+## **Syntax**
+
+```
+> SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE 'a' = (SELECT column1 FROM t1)
+```
+
+## **Examples**
+
+```sql
+> create table t1 (a int);
+> create table t2 (a int, b int);
+> create table t3 (a int);
+> create table t4 (a int not null, b int not null);
+> insert into t1 values (2);
+> insert into t2 values (1,7),(2,7);
+> insert into t4 values (4,8),(3,8),(5,9);
+> insert into t3 values (6),(7),(3);
+> select * from t3 where a = (select b from t2);
++------+
+| a    |
++------+
+|    7 |
+|    7 |
++------+
+2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
+```

docs/en/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/from-subquery.md → docs/en/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/derived-tables.md

-# **Subqueries in the FROM Clause (beta)**
+# **Derived Tables**
 
 ## **Description**
 
@@ -38,3 +38,44 @@ Every table in a FROM clause must have a name, therefore the [AS] name clause is
 +------+------+--------+
 2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
 ```
+
+- **Subquery with Join**:
+
+```sql
+> create table t1 (libname1 varchar(21) not null primary key, city varchar(20));
+> create table t2 (isbn2 varchar(21) not null primary key, author varchar(20), title varchar(60));
+> create table t3 (isbn3 varchar(21) not null, libname3 varchar(21) not null, quantity int);
+> insert into t2 values ('001','Daffy','Aducklife');
+> insert into t2 values ('002','Bugs','Arabbitlife');
+> insert into t2 values ('003','Cowboy','Lifeontherange');
+> insert into t2 values ('000','Anonymous','Wannabuythisbook?');
+> insert into t2 values ('004','BestSeller','OneHeckuvabook');
+> insert into t2 values ('005','EveryoneBuys','Thisverybook');
+> insert into t2 values ('006','SanFran','Itisasanfranlifestyle');
+> insert into t2 values ('007','BerkAuthor','Cool.Berkley.the.book');
+> insert into t3 values('000','NewYorkPublicLibra',1);
+> insert into t3 values('001','NewYorkPublicLibra',2);
+> insert into t3 values('002','NewYorkPublicLibra',3);
+> insert into t3 values('003','NewYorkPublicLibra',4);
+> insert into t3 values('004','NewYorkPublicLibra',5);
+> insert into t3 values('005','NewYorkPublicLibra',6);
+> insert into t3 values('006','SanFransiscoPublic',5);
+> insert into t3 values('007','BerkeleyPublic1',3);
+> insert into t3 values('007','BerkeleyPublic2',3);
+> insert into t3 values('001','NYC Lib',8);
+> insert into t1 values ('NewYorkPublicLibra','NewYork');
+> insert into t1 values ('SanFransiscoPublic','SanFran');
+> insert into t1 values ('BerkeleyPublic1','Berkeley');
+> insert into t1 values ('BerkeleyPublic2','Berkeley');
+> insert into t1 values ('NYCLib','NewYork');
+> select * from (select city,libname1,count(libname1) as a from t3 join t1 on libname1=libname3 join t2 on isbn3=isbn2 group by city,libname1) sub ;
++----------+--------------------+------+
+| city     | libname1           | a    |
++----------+--------------------+------+
+| NewYork  | NewYorkPublicLibra |    6 |
+| SanFran  | SanFransiscoPublic |    1 |
+| Berkeley | BerkeleyPublic1    |    1 |
+| Berkeley | BerkeleyPublic2    |    1 |
++----------+--------------------+------+
+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+```

docs/en/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subqueries/subquery-with-all.md

+# **Subqueries with ALL**
+
+## **Description**
+
+The word `ALL`, which must follow a comparison operator, means “return `TRUE` if the comparison is `TRUE` for `ALL` of the values in the column that the subquery returns.”:
+
+```
+operand comparison_operator ALL (subquery)
+```
+
+For example:
+
+```
+SELECT s1 FROM t1 WHERE s1 > ALL (SELECT s1 FROM t2);
+```
+
+Suppose that there is a row in table t1 containing (10). The expression is `TRUE` if table t2 contains (-5,0,+5) because 10 is greater than all three values in t2. The expression is `FALSE` if table t2 contains (12,6,NULL,-100) because there is a single value 12 in table t2 that is greater than 10, and the result returns `Empty set`. The expression is unknown (that is, `NULL`) if table t2 contains (0,NULL,1).
+
+Finally, the expression is `TRUE` if table t2 is empty. So, the following expression is `TRUE` when table t2 is empty:
+
+```
+SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > ALL (SELECT s1 FROM t2);
+```
+
+But this expression is `NULL` when table t2 is empty:
+
+```
+SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > (SELECT s1 FROM t2);
+```
+
+In addition, the following expression is NULL when table t2 is empty:
+
+```
+SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE 1 > ALL (SELECT MAX(s1) FROM t2);
+```
+
+In general, tables containing `NULL` values and empty tables are “edge cases.” When writing subqueries, always consider whether you have taken those two possibilities into account.
+
+## **Syntax**
+
+```
+> SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name {WHERE | HAVING} [not] expression comparison_operator ALL (subquery)
+```
+
+## **Examples**
+
+```sql
+> create table t1 (a int);
+> create table t2 (a int, b int);
+> create table t3 (a int);
+> create table t4 (a int not null, b int not null);
+> create table t5 (a int);
+> create table t6 (a int, b int);
+> insert into t1 values (2);
+> insert into t2 values (1,7),(2,7);
+> insert into t4 values (4,8),(3,8),(5,9);
+> insert into t5 values (null);
+> insert into t3 values (6),(7),(3);
+> insert into t6 values (10,7),(null,7);
+> select * from t3 where a <> all (select b from t2);
++------+
+| a    |
++------+
+|    6 |
+|    3 |
++------+
+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+
+> select * from t4 where 5 > all (select a from t5);
++------+------+
+| a    | b    |
++------+------+
+|    4 |    8 |
+|    3 |    8 |
+|    5 |    9 |
++------+------+
+3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
+
+> select * from t3 where 10 > all (select b from t2);
++------+
+| a    |
++------+
+|    6 |
+|    7 |
+|    3 |
++------+
+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+```

docs/en/MatrixOne/Reference/SQL-Reference/Data-Manipulation-Statements/subquery.md

@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ A subquery may occur in:
 
 For more information, see the reference below:
 
-- [FROM SUBQUERY](subqueries/from-subquery.md)
-- [SUBQUERY WITH ANY](subqueries/subquery-with-any.md)
+- [Derived Tables](subqueries/derived-tables.md)
+- [Comparisons Using Subqueries](subqueries/comparisons-using-subqueries.md)
+- [SUBQUERY WITH ANY or SOME](subqueries/subquery-with-any-some.md)
+- [SUBQUERY WITH ALL](subqueries/subquery-with-all.md)
 - [SUBQUERY WITH EXISTS](subqueries/subquery-with-exists.md)
 - [SUBQUERY WITH IN](subqueries/subquery-with-in.md)